{"id":2243,"date":"2022-10-14T02:39:04","date_gmt":"2022-10-14T02:39:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ionfarms.com\/?p=2243"},"modified":"2022-11-10T04:47:56","modified_gmt":"2022-11-10T04:47:56","slug":"oxidation-reduction-potential","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/blog\/potencial-de-reduccion-de-oxidacion\/","title":{"rendered":"Potencial de reducci\u00f3n de oxidaci\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Potencial de oxidaci\u00f3n-reducci\u00f3n (ORP)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el potencial de oxidaci\u00f3n-reducci\u00f3n? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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El potencial de oxidaci\u00f3n-reducci\u00f3n (ORP) mide la capacidad de un lago o r\u00edo para limpiarse o descomponer productos de desecho, como contaminantes y plantas y animales muertos.<\/p>

Cuando el valor ORP es alto, hay mucho ox\u00edgeno presente en el agua. Esto significa que las bacterias que descomponen el tejido muerto y los contaminantes pueden funcionar de manera m\u00e1s eficiente.<\/p>

En general, cuanto mayor sea el valor ORP, m\u00e1s saludable ser\u00e1 el lago o el r\u00edo.<\/p>

Sin embargo, incluso en lagos y r\u00edos sanos, hay menos ox\u00edgeno (y, por lo tanto, valores de ORP m\u00e1s bajos) a medida que se acerca a los sedimentos del fondo (lodo; vea la imagen a continuaci\u00f3n del fondo de un lago).<\/p>

Esto se debe a que hay muchas bacterias que trabajan arduamente en los sedimentos para descomponer el tejido muerto y consumen gran parte del ox\u00edgeno disponible.<\/p>

De hecho, el ox\u00edgeno desaparece muy r\u00e1pidamente en el lodo del fondo (a menudo dentro de un cent\u00edmetro o dos) y el ORP cae r\u00e1pidamente. El ORP se mide adem\u00e1s del ox\u00edgeno disuelto porque el ORP puede proporcionar a los cient\u00edficos informaci\u00f3n adicional sobre la calidad del agua y el grado de contaminaci\u00f3n, si est\u00e1 presente.<\/p>

Adem\u00e1s, hay otros elementos que pueden funcionar como ox\u00edgeno (en t\u00e9rminos qu\u00edmicos) y contribuir a aumentar el ORP.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 importa el potencial de oxidaci\u00f3n-reducci\u00f3n?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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El ORP depende de la cantidad de ox\u00edgeno disuelto que hay en el agua, as\u00ed como de la cantidad de otros elementos que funcionan de manera similar al ox\u00edgeno.<\/p>

Aunque no es t\u00e9cnicamente correcto, el ox\u00edgeno y otros elementos que contribuyen a un ORP alto ayudan a 'comer' cosas que no queremos en el agua, como contaminantes y tejidos muertos.<\/p>

Cuando el ORP es bajo, el ox\u00edgeno disuelto es bajo, la toxicidad de ciertos metales y contaminantes puede aumentar, y hay mucho material muerto y en descomposici\u00f3n en el agua que no se puede limpiar o descomponer.<\/p>

Este no es un ambiente saludable para peces o insectos.<\/p>

En aguas saludables, el ORP deber\u00eda estar entre 300 y 500 milivoltios.<\/p>

En el norte, podr\u00edamos esperar un ORP bajo en aguas que reciben aportes de aguas residuales o desechos industriales.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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[Oxidantes = c\u00e9lulas da\u00f1inas]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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[Antioxidantes = C\u00e9lulas Protectoras]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00bfC\u00f3mo medimos el potencial de oxidaci\u00f3n-reducci\u00f3n? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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El ORP se mide directamente en el agua del lago o r\u00edo que est\u00e1 investigando usando un sensor de ORP.<\/p>

El ORP se mide en milivoltios (mV) y cuanto m\u00e1s ox\u00edgeno haya en el agua, mayor ser\u00e1 la lectura de ORP.<\/p>

ORP puede estar por encima de cero o por debajo de cero.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Referencias Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n<\/p>

Hamasaki, Takeki y otros. "El agua reducida electroqu\u00edmicamente ejerce una actividad de eliminaci\u00f3n de especies de ox\u00edgeno reactivo superior en las c\u00e9lulas HT1080 que el nivel equivalente de agua disuelta en hidr\u00f3geno". PLoS Uno, vol. 12, n\u00fam. 2, 2017. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28182635<\/a> Hanaoka, Kokichi, et al. "El mecanismo de los efectos antioxidantes mejorados contra los radicales de ani\u00f3n super\u00f3xido del agua reducida producida por electr\u00f3lisis". Qu\u00edmica biof\u00edsica, vol. 107, n\u00fam. 1, 2004, p\u00e1gs. 71-82. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed<\/a>\/14871602 Hanaoka, K. "Efectos antioxidantes del agua reducida producida por electr\u00f3lisis de soluciones de cloruro de sodio". Revista de electroqu\u00edmica aplicada, vol. 31, n\u00fam. 12, 2001, p\u00e1gs. 1307-1313. https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1013825009701 Huang, Kuo-Chin, et al. "Reducci\u00f3n del estr\u00e9s oxidativo inducido por hemodi\u00e1lisis en pacientes con enfermedad renal en etapa terminal por agua reducida electrolizada". Ri\u00f1\u00f3n Internacional, vol. 64, n\u00fam. 2, 2003, p\u00e1gs. 704\u2013714. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12846769<\/a> KeramatiYazdi, Fatemeh, et al. "Efecto radioprotector del agua de Zamzam (alcalina): un estudio citogen\u00e9tico". Revista de radiactividad ambiental, vol. 167, 2017, p\u00e1gs. 166-169. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27839844 Lee, Mi Young, et al. "El agua electrolizada-reducida protege contra el da\u00f1o oxidativo al ADN, el ARN y las prote\u00ednas". Bioqu\u00edmica aplicada y biotecnolog\u00eda, vol. 135, n\u00fam. 2, 2006, p\u00e1gs. 133-144. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17159237<\/a> Shirahata, Sanetaka, et al. "El agua electrolizada-reducida elimina las especies de ox\u00edgeno activo y protege el ADN del da\u00f1o oxidativo". Comunicaciones de investigaci\u00f3n bioqu\u00edmica y biof\u00edsica, vol. 234, n\u00fam. 1, 1997, p\u00e1gs. 269\u2013274. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9169001<\/a> Yanagihara, Tomoyuki, et al. "El agua saturada de hidr\u00f3geno electrolizada para uso potable provoca un efecto antioxidante: una prueba de alimentaci\u00f3n con ratas". Biociencia, biotecnolog\u00eda y bioqu\u00edmica, vol. 69, n\u00fam. 10, 2005, p\u00e1gs. 1985-1987. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16244454<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) What is oxidation-reduction potential? Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) measures the ability of a lake or river to cleanse itself or break down waste products, such as contaminants and dead plants and animals. When the ORP value is high, there is lots of oxygen present in the water. This means that bacteria that decompose dead tissue and contaminants can work more efficiently. In general, the higher the ORP value, the healthier the lake or river is. However, even in healthy lakes and rivers, there is less oxygen (and therefore lower ORP values) as you get closer to the bottom sediments (mud; see the picture below of a lake bottom). This is because there are many bacteria working hard in the sediments to decompose dead tissue, and they use up a lot of the available oxygen. In fact, oxygen disappears very quickly in the bottom mud (often within a centimeter or two) and ORP falls quickly. ORP is measured in addition to dissolved oxygen because ORP can provide scientists with additional information of the water quality and degree of pollution, if present. Also, there are other elements that can function like oxygen (in terms of chemistry) and contribute to increased ORP. Why does oxidation-reduction potential matter? ORP depends on the amount of dissolved oxygen that is in the water, as well as the number of other elements that function similarly to oxygen. Though not technically correct, oxygen and other elements that contribute to high ORP effectively help \u2018eat\u2019 things that we don\u2019t want in the water \u2013 such as contaminants and dead tissues. When ORP is low, dissolved oxygen is low, the toxicity of certain metals and contaminants can increase, and there is lots of dead and decaying material in the water that cannot be cleared or decomposed. This is not a healthy environment for fish or bugs. In healthy waters, ORP should read high between 300 and 500 millivolts. In the North, we might expect low ORP in waters that receive sewage inputs or industrial waste. [Oxidants = Damaging Cells] [Antioxdidants = Protecting Cells] How do we measure oxidation-reduction potential? ORP is measured directly in the lake or river water that you are investigating using an ORP sensor. ORP is measured in millivolts (mV) and the more oxygen that is present in the water, the higher the ORP reading is. ORP can either be above zero or below zero. References For More Information Hamasaki, Takeki, et al. \u201cElectrochemically Reduced Water Exerts Superior Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Activity in HT1080 Cells Than the Equivalent Level of Hydrogen-dissolved Water.\u201d PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 2, 2017. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28182635 Hanaoka, Kokichi, et al. \u201cThe Mechanism of the Enhanced Antioxidant Effects Against Superoxide Anion Radicals of Reduced Water Produced by Electrolysis.\u201d Biophysical Chemistry, vol. 107, no. 1, 2004, pp. 71-82. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/14871602 Hanaoka, K. \u201cAntioxidant Effects of Reduced Water Produced by Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride Solutions.\u201d Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, vol. 31, no. 12, 2001, pp. 1307-1313. https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1013825009701 Huang, Kuo-Chin, et al. \u201cReduced Hemodialysis-Induced Oxidative Stress in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients by Electrolyzed Reduced Water.\u201d Kidney International, vol. 64, no. 2, 2003, pp. 704\u2013714. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12846769 KeramatiYazdi, Fatemeh, et al. \u201cRadioprotective Effect of Zamzam (Alkaline) Water: A Cytogenetic Study.\u201d Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, vol. 167, 2017, pp. 166-169. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27839844 Lee, Mi Young, et al. \u201cElectrolyzed-Reduced Water Protects Against Oxidative Damage to DNA, RNA, and Protein.\u201d Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, vol. 135, no. 2, 2006, pp. 133-144. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17159237 Shirahata, Sanetaka, et al. \u201cElectrolyzed\u2013Reduced Water Scavenges Active Oxygen Species and Protects DNA from Oxidative Damage.\u201d Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 234, no. 1, 1997, pp. 269\u2013274. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9169001 Yanagihara, Tomoyuki, et al. \u201cElectrolyzed Hydrogen-Saturated Water for Drinking Use Elicits an Antioxidative Effect: A Feeding Test with Rats.\u201d Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, vol. 69, no. 10, 2005, pp. 1985-1987. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16244454<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2316,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[31,40,36,37],"class_list":["post-2243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water-ionizer","tag-alkaline-water","tag-antioxtidants","tag-orp","tag-oxidation-reduction-potential"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2243"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2243"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2243\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}