{"id":2243,"date":"2022-10-14T02:39:04","date_gmt":"2022-10-14T02:39:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ionfarms.com\/?p=2243"},"modified":"2022-11-10T04:47:56","modified_gmt":"2022-11-10T04:47:56","slug":"oxidation-reduction-potential","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/blog\/oxidacne-redukcni-potencial\/","title":{"rendered":"Oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l (ORP)<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Co je oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l (ORP) m\u011b\u0159\u00ed schopnost jezera nebo \u0159eky \u010distit se nebo rozkl\u00e1dat odpadn\u00ed produkty, jako jsou kontaminanty a mrtv\u00e9 rostliny a zv\u00ed\u0159ata.<\/p>

Kdy\u017e je hodnota ORP vysok\u00e1, je ve vod\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomno velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kysl\u00edku. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee bakterie, kter\u00e9 rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed mrtvou tk\u00e1\u0148 a ne\u010distoty, mohou pracovat efektivn\u011bji.<\/p>

Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je hodnota ORP, t\u00edm je jezero nebo \u0159eka zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>

Av\u0161ak i ve zdrav\u00fdch jezerech a \u0159ek\u00e1ch je kysl\u00edku m\u00e9n\u011b (a tedy ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnoty ORP), jak se p\u0159ibli\u017eujete ke spodn\u00edm sediment\u016fm (bahno; viz obr\u00e1zek dna jezera n\u00ed\u017ee).<\/p>

Je to proto, \u017ee v sedimentech je mnoho bakteri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 tvrd\u011b pracuj\u00ed na rozkladu odum\u0159el\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b a spot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dostupn\u00e9ho kysl\u00edku.<\/p>

Ve skute\u010dnosti ve spodn\u00edm bahn\u011b velmi rychle miz\u00ed kysl\u00edk (\u010dasto do centimetru nebo dvou) a ORP rychle kles\u00e1. ORP se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed nav\u00edc k rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9mu kysl\u00edku, proto\u017ee ORP m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout v\u011bdc\u016fm dal\u0161\u00ed informace o kvalit\u011b vody a stupni zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, pokud je p\u0159\u00edtomen.<\/p>

Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed prvky, kter\u00e9 mohou fungovat jako kysl\u00edk (z hlediska chemie) a p\u0159isp\u00edvat ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ORP.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Pro\u010d z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00edm potenci\u00e1lu?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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ORP z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mno\u017estv\u00ed rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9ho kysl\u00edku, kter\u00fd je ve vod\u011b, a tak\u00e9 na po\u010dtu dal\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 funguj\u00ed podobn\u011b jako kysl\u00edk.<\/p>

A\u010dkoli to nen\u00ed technicky spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, kysl\u00edk a dal\u0161\u00ed prvky, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k vysok\u00e9mu ORP, \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b pom\u00e1haj\u00ed \u201esn\u00edst\u201c v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 ve vod\u011b nechceme \u2013 jako jsou kontaminanty a odum\u0159el\u00e9 tk\u00e1n\u011b.<\/p>

Kdy\u017e je ORP n\u00edzk\u00fd, rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd kysl\u00edk je n\u00edzk\u00fd, toxicita ur\u010dit\u00fdch kov\u016f a kontaminant\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it a ve vod\u011b je spousta mrtv\u00e9ho a rozkl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho se materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd nelze vy\u010distit ani rozlo\u017eit.<\/p>

Toto nen\u00ed zdrav\u00e9 prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro ryby nebo brouky.<\/p>

Ve zdrav\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch by ORP m\u011bla b\u00fdt vysok\u00e1 mezi 300 a 500 milivolty.<\/p>

Na severu bychom mohli o\u010dek\u00e1vat n\u00edzk\u00e9 ORP ve vod\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed odpadn\u00ed vody nebo pr\u016fmyslov\u00fd odpad.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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[Oxidanty = po\u0161kozuj\u00edc\u00ed bu\u0148ky]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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[Antioxidanty = ochrana bun\u011bk]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Jak m\u011b\u0159\u00edme oxida\u010dn\u011b-reduk\u010dn\u00ed potenci\u00e1l? <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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ORP se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo v jezeru nebo \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed vod\u011b, kterou zkoum\u00e1te, pomoc\u00ed senzoru ORP.<\/p>

ORP se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed v milivoltech (mV) a \u010d\u00edm v\u00edce kysl\u00edku je ve vod\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomno, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je hodnota ORP.<\/p>

ORP m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nad nulou nebo pod nulou.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Reference Dal\u0161\u00ed informace<\/p>

Hamasaki, Takeki a kol. "Elektrochemicky redukovan\u00e1 voda m\u00e1 v bu\u0148k\u00e1ch HT1080 lep\u0161\u00ed aktivitu p\u0159i zachycov\u00e1n\u00ed reaktivn\u00edch druh\u016f kysl\u00edku ne\u017e ekvivalentn\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 vody rozpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 ve vod\u00edku." PLoS One, sv. 12, \u010d. 2, 2017. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28182635<\/a> Hanaoka, Kokichi a kol. "Mechanismus zes\u00edlen\u00fdch antioxida\u010dn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f proti superoxidov\u00fdm aniontov\u00fdm radik\u00e1l\u016fm redukovan\u00e9 vody produkovan\u00e9 elektrol\u00fdzou." Biophysical Chemistry, sv. 107, \u010d.p. 1, 2004, str. 71-82. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed<\/a>\/14871602 Hanaoka, K. "Antioxida\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky redukovan\u00e9 vody produkovan\u00e9 elektrol\u00fdzou roztok\u016f chloridu sodn\u00e9ho." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, sv. 31, \u010d. 12, 2001, str. 1307-1313. https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1013825009701 Huang, Kuo-Chin a kol. "Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fd oxida\u010dn\u00ed stres vyvolan\u00fd hemodial\u00fdzou u pacient\u016f s kone\u010dn\u00fdm st\u00e1diem onemocn\u011bn\u00ed ledvin elektrolyzovanou redukovanou vodou." Kidney International, sv. 64, \u010d.p. 2, 2003, s. 704\u2013714. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12846769<\/a> KeramatiYazdi, Fatemeh a kol. "Radioprotektivn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek zamzamsk\u00e9 (alkalick\u00e9) vody: Cytogenetick\u00e1 studie." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, sv. 167, 2017, s. 166-169. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27839844 Lee, Mi Young a kol. "Elektrolyzovan\u00e1 voda chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed oxidativn\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm DNA, RNA a protein\u016f." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, sv. 135, \u010d.p. 2, 2006, s. 133-144. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17159237<\/a> Shirahata, Sanetaka a kol. "Elektrolyzovan\u00e1 voda se sn\u00ed\u017een\u00fdm obsahem vychyt\u00e1v\u00e1 aktivn\u00ed druhy kysl\u00edku a chr\u00e1n\u00ed DNA p\u0159ed oxida\u010dn\u00edm po\u0161kozen\u00edm." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, sv. 234, \u010d.p. 1, 1997, s. 269\u2013274. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9169001<\/a> Yanagihara, Tomoyuki a kol. "Elektrolyzovan\u00e1 voda nasycen\u00e1 vod\u00edkem k pit\u00ed vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 antioxida\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek: Krmn\u00fd test s krysami." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, sv. 69, \u010d.p. 10, 2005, s. 1985-1987. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16244454<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Oxidation-Reduction Potential (ORP) What is oxidation-reduction potential? Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) measures the ability of a lake or river to cleanse itself or break down waste products, such as contaminants and dead plants and animals. When the ORP value is high, there is lots of oxygen present in the water. This means that bacteria that decompose dead tissue and contaminants can work more efficiently. In general, the higher the ORP value, the healthier the lake or river is. However, even in healthy lakes and rivers, there is less oxygen (and therefore lower ORP values) as you get closer to the bottom sediments (mud; see the picture below of a lake bottom). This is because there are many bacteria working hard in the sediments to decompose dead tissue, and they use up a lot of the available oxygen. In fact, oxygen disappears very quickly in the bottom mud (often within a centimeter or two) and ORP falls quickly. ORP is measured in addition to dissolved oxygen because ORP can provide scientists with additional information of the water quality and degree of pollution, if present. Also, there are other elements that can function like oxygen (in terms of chemistry) and contribute to increased ORP. Why does oxidation-reduction potential matter? ORP depends on the amount of dissolved oxygen that is in the water, as well as the number of other elements that function similarly to oxygen. Though not technically correct, oxygen and other elements that contribute to high ORP effectively help \u2018eat\u2019 things that we don\u2019t want in the water \u2013 such as contaminants and dead tissues. When ORP is low, dissolved oxygen is low, the toxicity of certain metals and contaminants can increase, and there is lots of dead and decaying material in the water that cannot be cleared or decomposed. This is not a healthy environment for fish or bugs. In healthy waters, ORP should read high between 300 and 500 millivolts. In the North, we might expect low ORP in waters that receive sewage inputs or industrial waste. [Oxidants = Damaging Cells] [Antioxdidants = Protecting Cells] How do we measure oxidation-reduction potential? ORP is measured directly in the lake or river water that you are investigating using an ORP sensor. ORP is measured in millivolts (mV) and the more oxygen that is present in the water, the higher the ORP reading is. ORP can either be above zero or below zero. References For More Information Hamasaki, Takeki, et al. \u201cElectrochemically Reduced Water Exerts Superior Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Activity in HT1080 Cells Than the Equivalent Level of Hydrogen-dissolved Water.\u201d PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 2, 2017. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/28182635 Hanaoka, Kokichi, et al. \u201cThe Mechanism of the Enhanced Antioxidant Effects Against Superoxide Anion Radicals of Reduced Water Produced by Electrolysis.\u201d Biophysical Chemistry, vol. 107, no. 1, 2004, pp. 71-82. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/14871602 Hanaoka, K. \u201cAntioxidant Effects of Reduced Water Produced by Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride Solutions.\u201d Journal of Applied Electrochemistry, vol. 31, no. 12, 2001, pp. 1307-1313. https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1023\/A:1013825009701 Huang, Kuo-Chin, et al. \u201cReduced Hemodialysis-Induced Oxidative Stress in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients by Electrolyzed Reduced Water.\u201d Kidney International, vol. 64, no. 2, 2003, pp. 704\u2013714. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12846769 KeramatiYazdi, Fatemeh, et al. \u201cRadioprotective Effect of Zamzam (Alkaline) Water: A Cytogenetic Study.\u201d Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, vol. 167, 2017, pp. 166-169. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27839844 Lee, Mi Young, et al. \u201cElectrolyzed-Reduced Water Protects Against Oxidative Damage to DNA, RNA, and Protein.\u201d Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, vol. 135, no. 2, 2006, pp. 133-144. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/17159237 Shirahata, Sanetaka, et al. \u201cElectrolyzed\u2013Reduced Water Scavenges Active Oxygen Species and Protects DNA from Oxidative Damage.\u201d Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 234, no. 1, 1997, pp. 269\u2013274. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/9169001 Yanagihara, Tomoyuki, et al. \u201cElectrolyzed Hydrogen-Saturated Water for Drinking Use Elicits an Antioxidative Effect: A Feeding Test with Rats.\u201d Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, vol. 69, no. 10, 2005, pp. 1985-1987. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16244454<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2316,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[31,40,36,37],"class_list":["post-2243","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-water-ionizer","tag-alkaline-water","tag-antioxtidants","tag-orp","tag-oxidation-reduction-potential"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2243"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2243"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2243\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2243"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2243"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ionfarms.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2243"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}